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Man-Made Structures
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Solutions for Monitoring - Man-Made Structures |
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Leica Geosystems' surveying solutions are used worldwide for the monitoring of man-made structures such as bridges, dams and buildings, during construction as well as after.
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The Apollo Bridge is one of five road bridges across the Danube in Bratislava, connecting the centre of the city with the district Petržalka. The traffic load and temperature changes cause deformation of the bridge structure. In addition, the use of the developed automated measurement system (AMS) for long term monitoring allows the Department of Surveying of the STU Bratislava to determine actual information about the deformation of the main structure in real time. more
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Severočeské doly a.s. is the largest producer of brown coal in the Czech Republic. The company was established by the Czech National Property Fund in 1994 by merging two major brown coal producers - the Bílina Mines and the Nástup Tušimice Mines. The company's business line includes mining, processing and selling brown coal and associated by-products. The company's domestic market share in 2008 was 46.87%. The Nástup Tušimice mine is the most important mine for brown coal excavation in the Czech Republic. In 2010, approximately 12.3 million tons were extracted, and in 2011 more than 15 million tons are expected. Since 1979 the mine slopes have been monitored with Leica Geosystems equipment. In September 2011 Severočeské doly a.s. decided to renew its monitoring equipment for the latest Leica Monitoring Solution. more
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The Yeong-Jong New Airport Highway Bridge, a steel, double deck, box-girder suspension bridge, links Incheon International Airport to Seoul city as a real gateway to Korea. It is the world’s first 3D self-anchored suspension bridge servicing a highway on the upper/lower decks and a railway on the lower deck. The bridge crosses the sea between Yeong-Jong island and Incheon city and lies between Kyeongseo-dong (Changdo) and Unbuk-dong (Yeong-Jong island) of Incheon city on the Yellow Sea. Leica Geosystems was invited by the New Airport Highway Company to perform a load test with GNSS RTK technology. Equipment and software completed the test smoothly, achieving impressive accuracies in the range of 1 cm. This load test convincingly vindicated the superiority of GNSS based bridge monitoring. After the test the upgrade and modification of the structural health monitoring system was completed using a GNSS monitoring system from Leica Geosystems that focuses on monitoring the girder geometry and the displacement of e bridge towers. more
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3D laser scanning has become established in many applications over recent years due to its potential for rapid, non-contact data capture at a high scanning density. That this process can also be used successfully for the investigation of deformations of large surfaces is demonstrated by a research project at the Technical University Munich, Germany (TUM). The Leica HDS6000 laser scanner proved to be a success when scanning the area around the working face of an extension tunnel to the underground railway system in Stuttgart. more
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The French surveying company 3GE worked hand in hand with Leica Geosystems to install the first GNSS automatic monitoring systems in France on two exceptional bridges: the Tancarville Bridge and the Normandy Bridge. more
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With the modernization of its railway infrastructure, Switzerland seeks to connect to the European high-speed train network and achieve a reduction in the amount of the transit traffic on its roads. One of the key projects is the “Alp- Transit Gotthard”, at the heart of which is the Gotthard Base Tunnel: A 57-km-long twin-tube railway tunnel and the longest tunnel in Europe. A challenge to the surveyors – under and on the mountain. more
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High above the streets of Manhattan there is a new form of public servant dedicated to serving and protecting the people, property and assets of New York City. This servant works 24/7, never asks for a raise and never takes a break. Its main purpose is to continuously measure and monitor any movement of buildings and structures that might take place while heavy construction continues around the clock throughout the city that never sleeps. more
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The Bonfol special waste tip is a legacy of our past.About 114'000 tonnes of special waste were deposited in a former clay pit between 1961 and 1976. The landfill was closed in 1976 and capped with a clay surface seal. In 2000, the Canton Jura and representatives of the Basel chemical industry agreed to carry out a final rehabilitation of the special waste landfill. By 2014, all the waste will have been removed using a clamshell excavator and incinerated in special plants. more
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To reduce traffic through town the local authority for the German town of Traunstein decided to build a bypass road starting in spring 2009 and including a new tunnel under the Munich – Salzburg railway line. The track owner, Deutsche Bahn AG (DB), stipulated continuous monitoring of the stretch of rail affected by the tunneling operations. Lead consultant Bernd Gebauer GmbH decided to install a track position monitoring system and engaged consulting engineers ing Traunreut GmbH for the task. The system of freely combinable measurement sensors from Leica Geosystems in conjunction with the Leica GeoMoS or GeoMoS Web monitoring software proved to be perfectly suited to this task. more
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The French surveying company 3GE worked hand in hand with Leica Geosystems to install the first GNSS automatic monitoring systems in France on two exceptional bridges: the Tancarville Bridge and the Normandy Bridge. more
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BSF Swissphoto AG has developed a powerful tool for permanent monitoring applications called DeTraS (Deformation Tracking System). Sensor controlling and database revert on Leica's GeoMoS Software. more
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Climate change and the ground subsidence in the Netherlands are facts that increase the risk of dike failures. Measures should be taken to reduce this risk. These measures can lead to stronger, but also to ‘smarter’ dikes, which have various sensors installed to better understand the reasons dikes fail. The ‘IJkdijk’ project was established to be able to realize such a smart dike in the future. Hansje Brinker participated in this project and achieved valuable deformation results with the Leica ScanStation 2. more
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Mr. Andrej Kos, Marmor Sežana, Technical Manager at the monitoring point above the quarry. On top of a steel pillar there is a GPS sensor and WiFi antenna, Nivel is fixed on the foundation, power supply and communication is installed in a box. more
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When excavating in urban areas the stability of surrounding buildings and the safety of residents and workers must be guaranteed. Automatic monitoring detects deformations allowing immediate action to be taken. more
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A continuously operating monitoring system ensured the safety of construction workers and computers during the reconstruction of a 100-year-old railway bridge. more
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"The system has proven to be fantastic! We have used our Leica GX1200, TPS1201 and Nivel 220 systems all the way!" Reaching top of concrete for the Burj tower at Level 156, at level 585.7 m, Chief Surveyor Douglas Hayes was impressed... more
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The Al Hamra tower is expected to feature Kuwait’s tallest building at 412.5 m when it is completed in January 2010. To guarantee that the strong movements of the building do not spoil the contruction works, Leica Geosystems delivers an innovative Core Wall Survey Control System. more
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The Kowloon Southern Link (KSL) will be a 3.8 km connection between the East and West Rail in Hong Kong. The construction of the $8.3 billion KSL is scheduled for completion in 2009. The Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC) in Hong Kong acquired an Automation Deformation Monitoring System from Leica Geosystems in December 2005 for continuously monitoring settlement and overall deformation of a section of existing Airport Express Railway. more
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The Jiangyin Yangtze River Highway Bridge is the first super-large steel box-girder suspension bridge that spans more than one kilometer in China. It is the longest steel boxgirder suspension bridge in China, the fourth longest in the whole World. It services a superhighway which is the national key trunk
route crossing the Yangtze River. The Jiangyin Yangtze River Highway Bridge is the second suspension bridge that was constructed over the Yangtze River. It lies between Jiangyin and Jingjiang of Jiangsu Province, at the lower reaches of Yangtze River. more
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In 2002, Edmund Nuttall won the contract to improve the interchange of the M1 motorway and the A43 trunk road at junction 15a in Northamptonshire. The primary element of the project comprised a boxjack through the current motorway embankment, in order to upgrade the existing A43, running beneath the M1, to dual-carriageway status. more
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Nuttall, Wayss, Freytag and Kier JV, main contractor for the Channel Tunnel Rail Link Contract 250, had to give assurances to Network Rail and London Underground Ltd that their tunnelling activities would not jeopardise the existing rail infrastucture. This was particularly important through the strategic rail complex at Barking, which is in operation 24 hours a day. A number of different methodologies were considered, but following the success of the Bridge Jacking exercise, at Renwick Road, using Leica GeoMoS and Leica TCA2003s, they decided to employ similar techniques for the last 1.4km of the TBM drive. more
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Phase 2 of the £3.3Bn Channel Tunnel Rail Link program incorporates extensive tunneling under existing infrastructure in London. Nuttall, Wayss, Freytag and Kier JV who are the main contractor on CTRL250 subcontracted Mabey Support Systems and Test Consult to monitor an area near Dagenham and Barking in East London. more
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Many of the hydroelectric reservoirs located in the Alps of Northern Italy are built in narrow valleys which are orientated North-West / South-East. Due to the valley's orientation, only one side is exposed to the sun and is subject to significant temperature differences within short periods of time. In many cases this situation has caused a different geological structure in the two sides of the valley. In one of the valleys a double-sweep arc-gravity dam was constructed in the years 1950-1960. more
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Could the turbines in a new hydro-electricity generating station cause ships to drift within their shipping lanes? Following the construction of a new hydro-electricity generating station on the bend in the River Danube at the lower Bavarian town of Bad Abbach (Germany), it was feared that the operating turbines might have just such an effect. more
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Millions of people have seen it in books and on postcards; millions more have seen it at first hand during a visit to Australia. Survey engineer Steve Denning also knows it from above and below: a quartercentury after the Opera House was inaugurated, his know-how was needed to assess the effects of weather and sea-water on the structure, and fix the wear and tear. The initial task was to restore the granite promenade surrounds and sea wall of the Opera House. more
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Record-breaking Tsing Ma Bridge. more
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With a span of 620m, Yang-Pu bridge is not only one of the longest suspension bridges in the world, but also one of the busiest. Stability and reliability of such a bridge is very important, and regular checks are necessary to provide the highest security. Surveying technology has evolved during the last few years to introduce new systems to improve
the accuracy of measurements and greatly reduce the time needed to perform such tasks. By using automated Leica total stations, able to find the targets automatically, combined with deformation measurement software, results can be viewed directly on site. more
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A network of precise GPS reference stations, supplied by Leica Geosystems, has been installed on the world’s longest suspension bridge in Japan to monitor movements of the bridge’s structure in real-time, with millimetre-level accuracy. more
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Geodetic surveys of Vereina Tunnel - Switzerland
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The dams and water reservoirs in the German province of Baden-Württemberg are resurveyed every five years as part of an ongoing monitoring programme. One of the sites being checked is the Hornberg reservoir, located in the southern Black Forest on a mountain peak 1050 m above
sea level. The reservoir feeds the Wehr hydroelectric power station, 630 metres further down and operated by Schluchseewerk AG. A study by the Geodetic Institute of the University of Karlsruhe set out to determine whether GPS measurements using Leica Geosystems’ new System 500 might be an economical and sufficiently accurate alternative to conventional terrestrial methods. more
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When a new bridge is being built adjacent to an existing one, there are a number of safety concerns. In particular the deformation and stress factor imposed on the existing bridge during construction. more
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